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                    Machine Intelligence List - v3.1
                           -12 Dec 1994-

                        archive-name: ailit-3.1

                           Copyright (c) 1993, 1994
                             Clinton E. Sheppard
                              Austin, Tx, 78757

       Duplication of this list for non-commercial purposes is permitted,
       as long as no changes or omissions are made.  All other rights are
       reserved, and copies must retain this notice.

    Please send additions and corrections to:

      *   Clinton E. Sheppard   <xie@netcom.com>
      *   Garet Michael Jax     <yimou@unm.edu>

   This is  a list  of novels  and stories  which contain  one or  more
   Machine Intelligence (MI) characters.  Most of the characters  whose
   intelligence places a  title on this  list are effected  or affected
   through  the  use  of  hardware,  software  or  genetic   alteration
   (rarely).  Additions  and corrections would  be most appreciated  as
   the list compiler  has not read  all of the  works listed here  - or
   even a significant portion, and will probably never have a chance to
   do so.  The list uses the following MI definitions:

   *  new/improved - information has changed since last edition

   A  androids - humanoid MIs
   C  computer systems - intelligent stationary computers or networks
   H  humans in computerized/program/digitized form
   O  other intelligences - intelligent tanks, books, planets, whatever
   P  programs - intelligent entities able to move between computer systems
   R  robots - mobile, usually mechanical, non-humanoid MIs
   S  ships - intelligent; only mobile in the form of a (star)ship
   Y  cyborgs - born human, almost completely replaced by machine parts
   y  mechanical beasties - born non-human & augmented with machine parts

   e  evolved - any of the MI forms which evolved their intelligences

        (expanded definitions are given at the end of the list)

format:    `short stories`   (in _novels/anthologies_)
           novels

Author (real name)
  MI-type  Title  (copyright date)  [MI name or form where known]

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Abe, Kobo (1924-)
   C       Inter Ice Age 4 (or _Daiyon kampyoki_) (1970)
Adams, Douglas [Noel] (1952-)
   R       Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency (1987) [Monk of Belief]
   R       Life, the Universe and Everything (1982)
   R       So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish (1984) [Marvin]
   CRS     The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy (1980)
   R       The Restaurant at the End of the Universe (1981)
Adlard, Mark
   C?      Interface (1971)
   C?      Multiface (1975)
   C?      Volteface (1972)
Adler, Allen & Block, Irving
   R       Forbidden Planet (1956) [Robbie the Robot]
Alban, Antony
   C       Catharsis Central (1969)
Aldiss, Brian W[ilson] (1925-)
   R       `All the World's Tears`
   R?      `Comic Inferno`
   ?       `Full Sun`
   ?       `Neanderthal Planet`
   A       `Pink Plastic Gods`
   A       `Super-Toys Last All Summer Long`
   ?       `The Hunter at His Ease`
   R       `The New Father Christmas`
   R       `Who Can Replace a Man?` (in _Worlds of Wonder_)
   -----   Who Can Replace a Man?  The Best Science-Fiction Stories of
           Brian W. Aldiss (anthol.) (1966)
Alexander, C. M.
   H       Biodroids 2300 (1979)
Alexander, Marc (1929-)
   R       The Mist Lizard (1977)
Alexander, Thea
   C       2150 A.D. (1976)
Allen, Johannes (1916-)
   C?      Data for Death (or _Data for Din Dod_) (1971)
Allen, Roger MacBride
*  A       Isaac Asimov's Caliban (1993)
   A       The Modular Man (1992)
Alonso, Fernando (1941-)
   -----   El Duende y el Robot (anthol.) (1981)
   R?      Feral y las Ciguenas (1971)
Ames, Mildred
   A       Is There Life on a Plastic Planet? (1975) {juvenile}
Amminnus, Marcellinus (pseud.)
   C       `The Thought Machine`
Anderson, Kevin J. & Boason, Doug
*  ?       Assemblers of Infinity (1993) [nanotech]
Anderson, Poul [William] (1926-)
   EO?     `Epilogue`  [mechanical life]
   AC      `Goat Song`
   HY?     `Kings Who Die`
   R       `Quixote and the Windmill`
   S       `Starfog`
   R?      `The Critique of Impure Reason`
   ?       A Circus of Hells (1970)
   ?       Brain Wave (1954)
   C?      The Avatar (1978)
Anfilov, Gelb
   ?       `Erem`
Anmar, Frank
   A       `The Fasterfaster Affair` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Anthony, Piers (Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob) (1934-)
   R       Blue Adept (1981)
   C       Heaven Cent (1988)
   CR      Juxtaposition (1982)
   C       Man from Mundania (1989)
   C       Mute (1981)
   ?       Omnivore (1969)
   CR      Orn (1970)
   CR      Out of Phase (1987)
   ?       Ox (1976)
   CR      Robot Adept (1988)
   CR      Split Infinity (1980)
   ?       The Purgatory Computer
   C       The Vale of the Vole (1987)
   CR      Unicorn Point (1989)
Anthony, Piers & Margroff, Robert E[rvien] & Offutt, Andrew J.
   A       `Mandroid`
Anthony, Piers & Malzberg, Barry & Greenburg, Martin H. & Waugh, Charles G.
   -----   Uncollected Stars (anthol.) (1986)
Anvil, Christopher
   ?       `The Hunch`
Appleton, Victor, II (pseud.)
   ?       Cyborg Kickboxer (1991)
   ?       Terror on the Moons of Jupiter (1981) {juvenile}
   R?      The Rescue Mission (1981) {juvenile}
   R?      Tom Swift and His Giant Robot (1954) {juvenile}
Asimov, Isaac (1920-1993)
   C       `All the Troubles in the World`
   R       `Catch that Rabbit`
   ?       `Death Sentence`
   R       `Escape!` or `Paradoxical Escape`
   A       `Evidence` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   R       `Feminine Intuition`
   R       `First Law` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   C       `Franchise`
   R       `Galley Slave` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   C       `Jokester`
   R?      `Lenny` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   R?      `Let's Get Together` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   R       `Liar!`
   R       `Little Lost Robot`
   ?       `Mirror Image`
   C       `Profession`
   R       `Reason`
   R?      `Risk` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   R       `Robbie` or `Strange Playfellow`
   R       `Robot AL-76 Goes Astray` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   R       `Runaround`
   R?      `Sally`
   R       `Satisfaction Guaranteed` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   A       `Segregationist`
   C       `Someday` (in _Worlds of Wonder_)
   R       `Stranger in Paradise`
   A       `That Thou Art Mindful of Him!`
   A       `The Bicentennial Man`
   A       `The Caves of Steel` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   C       `The Computer that Went on Strike`
   R       `The Evitable Conflict`
   C       `The Last Question`  [Multivac, Microvac, Galactic AC,
                                 Universal AC, Cosmic AC]
   C       `The Life and Times of Multivac`
   C       `The Machine that Won the War`
   A       `The Naked Sun` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   R       `The Tercentenary Incident`
   R       `Victory Unintentional` (in _The Rest of the Robots_)
   A       Forward the Foundation (1993)
   AO      Foundation's Edge (1982) [planet]
   A       Foundation and Earth (1986)
   -----   I, Robot (anthol.) (1950)
*  ?       Little Lost Robot (1977)
   A       Prelude to Foundation (1988)
   R?      Robbie (1989)
   CR      Robot Dreams (1986)
*  A?      Robot Visions (1990)
   A       Robots and Empire (1985)
   A       Robots of Dawn (1983)
   A       The Caves of Steel (1954)
   A       The Naked Sun (1972)
   R       The Stars, Like Dust (1972)
   -----   The Rest of the Robots (anthol.) (1964)
   A       The Robots of Dawn (1983)
Asimov, Isaac & Greenberg, Martin Harry
   -----   Isaac Asimov Presents the Great Science Fiction Stories, v.5 1943
              (1981)
Asimov, Isaac & Greenberg, Martin Harry & Waugh, Charles
   -----   Thinking Machines (anthol.) (1981)
Asimov, Isaac & Silverberg, Robert
   A       The Positronic Man (1993)
Asimov, Janet (Janet O[pal] Jeppson) (1926-) & Asimov, Isaac
   R?      Norby and the Court Jester (1991)
   R?      Norby and the Invaders (1985)
   R?      Norby and the Lost Princess (1985)
   R?      Norby and the Oldest Dragon (1990)
   R?      Norby and the Queen's Necklace (in _Norby Through Space and
              Time_) (1986)
   R?      Norby and Yobo's Great Adventure (1989)
   R?      Norby Down to Earth (1989)
   R?      Norby Finds a Villain (in _Norby Through Space and Time_) (1987)
   R?      Norby Through Space and Time (1988)
   R?      Norby's Other Secret (1984)
   R?      Norby, the Mixed-up Robot (1983)
   R?      Norby: Robot for Hire (1985)
*  R?      The Norby Chronicles (1986)
Attanasio, A[lfred] A[ngelo]  (1951- )
*  S       Solis (1994)
Bakhnov, V.
   R?      `The Robotniks` (in _Russian Science Fiction, 1968_)
Balchin, Nigel (1908-1970)
   C       `God and the Machine`
Ball, Brian N[eville] (1932-)
*  R       The Regiments of Night (or _Night of the Robots_) (1972)
Bangs, John K[endrick] (1862-1922)
   R?      The Worsted Man; a musical play for amateurs (1905)
Banks, Iain [M.] (1954-)
*  ACRS    Against a Dark Background
   CHOPRS  Consider Phlebas (1987)
   CORS    The Player of Games (1989) [Minds]
   CRS     The State of the Art (1989)
   CORS    Use of Weapons (1990) [Minds]

     Banks really excels at presenting AIs; his "Culture" series
     features starships hundreds of times as intelligent as humans, as
     well as human-level "drones" and even intelligent weapons.  All
     the AI characters have very distinct, eccentric personalities.


Banks, Raymond E.
   C       `Walter Perkins is Here!`
Bannon, M.
   R       Wayward Robot
Barth, John
   C       Giles Goat-Boy; or, the revised new syllabus (1966)
Bass, T. J. (pseud)
   O       Ball  [Cybers]
   S       Half Past Human (1971)
   O       The Class One  [Cybers]
   Y       The Godwhale (1974)
   O       Toothpick  [Cybers]
Bates, Harry
   R       `Farewell to the Master`
Baum, L[yman] Frank (1856-1919)
   R?      Glinda of Oz (1920)
   R?      Ozma of Oz (1907)
   RY      Tik-Tok of Oz (1914) [Tik-Tok, Nick Chopper]
   Y       The Tin Woodman of Oz (1918) [Tin Soldier]
   R       The Magical Monarch of Mo (or _A New Wonderland_) (1900)
              [Cast-Irom Man]
Bayley, Barrington J[ohn] (1937-)
   Y?      The Garments of Caean (1976)
   R       The Rod of Light (1985)
   R       The Soul of the Robot (1974)
Bear, Greg (1951-)
   N       Blood Music (1985) [nanobiorobots]

     A genetic engineer first creates super-intelligent viruses and
     then self-injects them when he is fired in an attempt to save his
     work.  The viruses spread across the world and produce a
     collision between observer based information theory and reality.


   H       Eon (1985)

     Earth, on the edge of nuclear war, becomes host to a modified
     asteroid from an alternate time-line.  Among the items found
     within the technically advanced micro-world is a history of the
     impending war.  Will this knowledge be used in time to advert
     disaster?

   H       Eternity (1988)

     In order to keep the universe from unraveling, it is necessary to
     destroy the gateway that was attached to the Thistledown.  Sequel
     to Eon.

Beaumont, Charles
   R?      `In His Image`
   A       `Last Rites` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Bellairs, John (1938-1991)
   R?      The Eyes of the Killer Robot (1986) {juvenile}
Benet, Stephen Vincent (1898-1943)
   ?       `Nightmare Number Three`
Benford, Gregory [Albert] (1941-)
   ?       `Doing Lennon`
   RS      Across a Sea of Suns (1984) [Alien Machine Intelligence]
   ACHR    Great Sky River (1987)
   O       In the Ocean of Night: a novel (1977) [Alien Machine Intelligence?]
   O       Tides of Light (1989)
Benford, Gregory & Brin, David
   H       Heart of the Comet (1986)

     "Brain readout" done on dying person; advanced computer is used
     as new hardware for the personality (that would be a "personality
     construct" according to Gibson)

Berckman, Evelyn
   ?       The Voice of the Air (1970)
Berkeley, Edmond Callis
*  R?      Squee, the Robot Squirrel (1951)
Berry, Stephen Ames
   ACSY?   Final Assault (1988)
   AC      The AI War (1987)
   ACSY?   The Battle for Terra Two (1986)
Bester, Alfred (1913-)
   ?       `Adam and No Eve` (in _Beyond Control_)
   A       `Fondly Fahrenheit` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
   O       `Something Up There Likes Me`  [satellite]
   C       Computer Connection (or _Extro_) (1975)

     A group of immortals, while creating another of their kind,
     unwittingly also create a man-machine symbiosis that soon
     threatens the existence of humankind.

   Y?      Golem 100 (1980)

     Eight women in a search for fun and excitement tap the
     unconscious id of the megacity, producing a demon of startling
     power and mischief.

   O       Life and Death of a Satellite (1966) [satellite]
Bethke, Bruce
   R?      Maverick (1990)
Bickham, Jack M[iles]
   C       Ariel (1984)
Bierce, Ambrose (1842-1914)
   R?      `Moxon's Master` (in _Androids, Time Mchines, and Blue Giraffes_)
Biggle, Lloyd, Jr. (1923-)
   R       `In His Own Image`
   ?       `Spare the Rod`
Binder, Eando (E. and Otto Binder)
   R       `Adam Link Faces a Revolt`
   R       `Adam Link Fights a War`
   R       `Adam Link in the Past`
   R       `Adam Link in Business`
   R       `Adam Link Saves the World`
   R       `Adam Link's Revenge`
   R       `Adam Link's Vengeance`
   R       `Adam Link, Champion Athlete`
   R       `Adam Link, Robot Detective`
   R       `From the Beginning`
   R       `I, Robot`
   R?      `Iron Man`
   R       `The Robot Aliens`
   R       `The Trail of Adam Link`
   -----   Adam Link, Robot (anthol.) (1965)
   Y       Enslaved Brains (1965)
Bischoff, David
   C       Wargames (1983)
Bixby, Jerome
   R       `Guardian`
Blade, Alexander (pseud.)
   C       The Brain
Black, Christopher
   ?       The Android Invasion (1984)
Blish, James [Benjamin] (1921-1975)
   A       `I, Mudd`
   R       `Now the Man is Gone`
   Y       `Solar Plexus`
   R?      `The Apple`
   ?       `The Box` (in _Beyond Control_)
   R       `The Changeling`
   C       Cities in Flight (1970)
   ?       Midsummer Century (1972)
Blish, James & Lowndes, Robert W.
   ?       The Duplicated Man (1959)
Bloch, Alan
   R       `Men Are Different`
Bloch, Chayim
   R?      `The Golem`
Bloch, Robert [Albert] (1917-)
   R       `Almost Human`
   R       `Comfort Me, My Robot`
   R       `The Tin You Love to Touch`
Boado, Osvaldo
   ?       El Perro en el Robot; fabula (1967) {juvenile}
Bone, J[esse] F[ranklin] (1916-)
   ?       `Triggerman`
Bottomley, Jane
   R?      Today I Am -- A Robot (1989) {juvenile}
Boucher, Anthony (1911-1968)
   R       `The Quest for Saint Aquin` (in _Other Worlds, Other Gods_)
Boulle, Pierre (1912-)
   C       `The Man Who Hated Machines`
   A       `The Perfect Robot`
Bounds, Sydney J[ames]
   Y       `No Greater Love`
   R       The Robot Brains (1957)
Bova, Ben[jamin William] (1932-)
   ?       `The Perfect Warrior`
   ?       `THX 1138`
   S?      `Stars Won't You Hide Me`
   R       Sam Gunn, Unlimited
Bova, Ben & Ellison, Harlan
   R       `Brillo` (in _Partners in Wonder_)
Boyce, Chris
   H?      Catchworld (1977)
Boyd, Felix (pseud)
   R       `The Robot Who Wanted to Know`
Boyd, John [E. L.] (Boyd Bradfield Upchurch) (1919-)
   CR      The Last Starship from Earth (1968) [computer pope]
Bradbury, Ray (1920-)
   A       `Changeling` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   A       `Downwind from Gettysburg`
   R?      `Dwellers in Silence`
   R       `G.B.S. - Mark V`    [Mr. George Bernard Shaw]
   R       `I Sing the Body Electric`
   R       `Marionettes, Inc.`
   A       `Punishment Without Crime`  [Katie & marionettes]
   A       `The Long Years`
   O       `The Lost City`   [an entire city]
   OR      `There Will Come Soft Rains`  [a house & cleaning mice]
   A       `Usher II`
*  ?       The Haunted Computer and the Android (1981)
Bradbury, Ray & Hasse, Henry
   R       `Pendulum`
Bradley, Will
*  H       Ark Liberty (1992)
Breuer, Miles J.
   C?      `Paradise and Iron`
Brin, David (1950-)
   R?      `The Warm Space`
*  S       `Bubbles` (1994) (in _Otherness_)
   O       Earth (1990)

     Although the world is falling apart, Arks provide homes for
     endangered species while ecologists fight a losing battle against
     the growing population.  Meanwhile global computer nets bring
     information to everyone and allow the elderly majority to vote
     for laws that will help them.  The application of string theory
     allows new energy sources based upon gravitons to create the hope
     for a better tomorrow if the knowledge is used by the right
     people.


   CRS     Startide Rising (1983)

     "Niss machine" used as intelligent information retrieval system.


   C       The Postman (1985)

     ``In a post-apocalyptic world one man stumbles across a postal
     uni- form and assumes the identify of a postman as a scheme to
     get food and hospitality.  What starts as an act become a symbol
     of hope for people trying to rebuild society.''  - Jim Boritz



   C       The Uplift War (1987)
Brink, Carol Ryrie (1895-)
   R       Andy Buckram's Tin Men (1966)
Brown, Frederic [William] (1906-1972)
   O?      `Etaoin Shrdlu`   [printing press]
   C       `The Answer` (in _Thinking Machines_)
Brown, Marc Tolon
   ?       The Bionic Bunny Show (1984)
Browning, John (Robert Moore Williams)
   R       `Burning Bright`
   R       `Robot's Return`
Bruce, Lennart (1919-)
   R?      The Robot Failure (1971)
Bruckner, Karl (1906-)
   R       The Hour of the Robots (1964)
Brunner, John [Kilian Houston] (1934-)
   R       `Judas` (in _Other Worlds, Other Gods_)
   ?       `The Invisible Idiot`
   ?       `Thou Good and Faithful`
   ?       `You'll Take the High Road`
   A?      Into the Slave Nebula (1968) (or _Slaves of Space_ (1960) )
   C       Stand on Zanzibar (1968)

     Over population in 2010 produces new fads, gene based child
     rearing laws and the new poor:  people who are paying for next
     season's clothing this season.


*  A?      The Altar on Asconel (1965)
*  C       The Skynappers
Bruss, B. R.
   R?      La Guerre des Robots (1966)
   R?      Parle, Robot! (1969)
Bryning, Frank R.
   R       `The Robot Computer`
Budrys, Algi[rda]s [Jones] (pseud.) (1931-)
   A       `Dream of Victory`
   R       `First to Serve`
   R?      `In Human Hands`
   R?      Amsirs and the Iron Thorn (or _The Iron Thorn_) (1967)
   C       Michaelmas (1977)

     An electronic genius disguised as a news-reporter controls the
     running of the world with the help of his artificially
     intelligent computer.


   Y       Who? (1962)
Bulmer, Kenneth (1921-)
   R       `Never Trust a Robot`
Bunch, David R.
   H?      `Moderan`
   R?      `The Problem Was Lubrication`
Bunting, Eve
   R?      The Robot Birthday (1980) {juvenile}
   R       The Robot People (1978) {juvenile}
Burdick, Eugene
   ?       The 480 (1964)
Burdick, Eugene & Wheeler, Harvey
   ?       Fail-Safe (1962)
Burroughs, Edgar Rice (1875-1950)
   A?      Synthetic Men of Mars (1940)
   A?      The Monster Men (1913)
Butler, Samuel (1835-1902)
   CRe     Erewhon, or, Over the Range (1872)
Cadigan, Pat (1953-)
   CHP     Synners (1991)

     ``A long, detailed look at a cyberpunk L.A.  AI's, Virtual
     reality, viruses, drug enhancements, megacorps... the usual.
     Multiple plot-lines trace several major and minor characters'
     lives while describing the future in great detail.  An
     interesting way to pass the time, but a bit bogged down in
     itself.''  - Wendell Martin

Caidin, Martin (1927-)
   C       The God Machine (1968)
   Y       ManFac (1981)
Cameron, Lou (1924-)
   C       Cybernia (1972)
Campbell, John W[ood, Jr.] (1910-1971)
   R       `The Last Evolution`
   R       `The Last Revolution`
   C?      `The Metal Horde`
   ?       `Twilight`
   ?       `When the Atoms Failed`
   ?       The Mightiest Machine (1947)
   -----   Analog 8 (anthol.)
Canizo, Jose Antonio del
   R?      Las Cosas del Abuelo y el Robot Despistado (1982) {juvenile}
Capek, Karel (1890-1938)
   AR      R.U.R. Rossum's Universal Robots, A Fantastic Melodrama (1923)
Capon, Paul (1912-)
*  ?       Phobos, the Robot Planet (1964)
Card, Orson Scott (1951-)
   Ce      Speaker for the Dead (1986)
Carr, Terry
   ?      `City of Yesterday` (in _Beyond Control_)
   R      `In His Image`
   R      `The Robots Are Here` (in _Cosmic Laughter_)
   -----  An Exaltation of Stars; transcendental adventures in
             science fiction (anthol.) (1973)
   -----  Classic Science Fiction: The First Golden Age (anthol.) (1978)
Carrigan, Richard and Nancy
   ?       The Siren Stars (1970)
Carter, Angela (1940-)
   O       The Infernal Desire Machines of Doctor Hoffman (1982)
Carver, Jeffrey A.
   ?       Clypsis (1987)
   Re?     Down the Stream of Stars (1990) [nanomachines]
   Re      From A Changeling Star (1988) [nanomachines]
   P       The Infinity Link (1984)
   C       The Rapture Effect (1987)
Causey, James
   A       `The Show Must Go On` or `So Lovely So Lost`
                (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Chalker, Jack L[aurence] (1944-)
   CP      Birth of Flux & Anchor (1985)
   P       Empires of Flux & Anchor (1984)
   S       Lords of the Middle Dark (1986)
   CRS     Masks of the Martyrs  (1988)
   RS      Pirates of the Thunder (1987)
   CS      Quest for the Well of Souls (1978) [planet]
   H       The Demons at Rainbow Bridge (1989) [human memories in (C)]
   H       The Ninety Trillion Fausts (1989) [human memories in (C)]
   CS      The Return of Nathan Brazil (1980) [planet]
   H       The Run to Chaos Keep (1991) [human memories in (C)]
   CS      Twilight at the Well of Souls (1980) [planet]
   RS      Warriors of the Storm (1987)
Chandler, A[rthur] Bertram (1912-1984)
   ?       `The Left-Hand Way`
   ?       `The Soul Machine`
Chapdelaine, Perry A[nthony]
   ?       `We Fused One`
Cherryh, C. J. (Carolyn Janice Cherry) (1942-)
   CRS     The Pride of Chanur (1981)
   ?       Voyager in Night (1984)
Chilson, Robert
   R?      Refuge (1988)
Christopher, John (Christopher Samuel Youd) (1922-)
   R       `How We Were Tracked by a Tripod`
*  R       The City of Gold and Lead (1967)
*  R       The Pool of Fire (1968)
*  R       The White Mountains (1967)
   R       When the Tripods Came (1988)
Clarke, Arthur C[harles] (1917-)
   Y       `A Meeting With Medusa`
   ?       `Crusade`
   Oe      `Dial "F" for Frankenstein`  [satellite relay]
   R?      `Expedition to Earth`
   ?       `Superiority` (in _The Nine Billion Names of God_)
   ?       `The Sentinel` (in _The Nine Billion Names of God_)
   S       2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) [HAL 9000]
   CS      2010: odyssey 2 (1982) [HAL 9000]
   ?       2061: odyssey three (1988)
   R       Garden of Rama (1991) [eagle]
   R       Rendezvous with Rama (1973) [aviators]
   O       The City and the Stars (1956) (or _Against the Fall of Night_
              (1953) ) [city]

     Machine intelligence as manager of the last city on earth.  Robot
     as starship pilot.  Weird:  Artificial intelligences created by
     old galactic empire, without physical support.  One malignant,
     one indifferent.


   C       The Foundations of Paradise (1979)
*  C       The Hammer of God [David]
   -----   The Nine Billion Names of God: the Best Short Stories of
              Arthur C. Clarke (anthol.) (1967)
Clement, Hal (Harry Clement Stubbs) (1922-)
   C?      `Answer`
Clerc, Serge
   R?      Sam Bronx et les Robots (1981)
Clifton, Mark & Apostolidas, Alex
   ?       `Crazy Joey` in (_The Science Fiction of Mark Clifton_)
   ?       `Hide! Hide! Witch!` (_The Science Fiction of Mark Clifton_)
Clifton, Mark & Riley, Frank
   C       The Forever Machine (1958) (or _They'd Rather Be Right_ (1957) )
Clouston, Joseph Storer (1870-1944)
   R       Button Brains (1933)
Coblenzt, Stanton A[rthur] (1896-)
   ?       `Lord of Tranerica`
Cohen, John Michael (1903-)
   -----   Tales from Hoffman
Cole, Babette
   R?      The Trouble With Dad (1985) {juvenile}
Cole, Burt (1933-)
   C       The Funco File (1969)
Collins, Graham P.
   P       Variations on a Theme
Compton, D[avid] G[uy] (1930-)
   ?       Synthajoy (1968)
   C       The Steel Crocodile (or _The Electric Crocodile_) (1970)
   Y?      The Unsleeping Eye (or _The Continuous Katherine Mortenhoe_) (1974)
Cone, Molly
   R?      Mishmash and the Robot (1981) {juvenile}
Coney, Michael G[reatrex] (1932-)
   Y?      `Troubleshooter`
   ?       Friends Come in Boxes (1973)
Conklin, Groff (1904-1968)
   -----   Science-Fiction Thinking Machines: Robots, Androids, Computers
              (anthol.) (1954)
Conley, Rick
   ?       `The War of the Words`
Cook, Glen [Charles] (1944-)
   S       The Dragon Never Sleeps (1988)
Cook, Robin (1940-)
   ?       Brain (1981)
Cook, William Wallace (1867-1933)
   R       A Flight Through Time or (_A Round Trip to the Year 2000_) (1925)
Coombs, Patricia
   A?      Dorrie and the Witches' Camp (1983)
Cooper, Edmund (1926-1982)
   A       `The Uncertain Midnight`
   R       The Overman Culture (1972)
Coppel, Alfred
   R       `For Humans Only`
   R       `The Hunters`
Correa, Hugo
   R       `Meccano`
Coupling, J. J. (John Robinson Pierce) (1910-)
   RY?     `Period Piece`
Cover, Arthur Byron
   R?      Prodigy (1988)
Coville, Bruce
   R?      Forever Begins Tomorrow (1986)
   R?      Operation Sherlock (1986)
   R?      Robot Trouble (1986)
Cowper, Richard (John Middleton Murray, Jr.) (1926-)
   ?       Clone  (1972)
Crichton, Michael (1942-)
   CY?     The Terminal Man (1972)
Cross, Ronald Anthony ()
   ?       Prisoners of Paradise

     The descendants of guests at a gigantic hotel carry on with their
     day to day survival in their universe of elevators and hallways.
     Meanwhile the hotel computer battles with its electronic head
     bell-boy for control of the guests' destinies.

Crossen, Kendell Foster (1910-)
   ?       Year of Consent (1954)
Cumings, Ray
   R       `Almost Human`
Dahl, Roald (1916-)
   Y?      `William and Mary`
Daley, Brian [C] (1947-)
   PS      Fall of the White Ship Avatar (1987)
   H       Tron (1982) (novelization)
Delany, Samuel ()
   ?       Babel 17

     The language of an invading civilization is found to be based
     upon the concepts of AI computer languages and memes.

Dann, Jack
   Y?      `I'm With You In Rockland`
Darlton, Clark (1920-)
*  ?       Spybot! (1974)
Davidson, Avram (1923-1993)
   A?      `The Golem` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
Davidson, Michael
   H       The Karma Machine (1975)
Davies, L[eslie] P[urnell]
   R?      The Artificial Man (1965)
Davis, Chan
   A       `Letter to Ellen`
Davis, William S. (1943-)
   ?      The NECEN Voyage: A Fantastic Journey into the Heart of a Computer
             (1985)
de Camp, L[yon] Sprague (1907-)
   R       `Internal Combustion`
DeChancie, John
   H       Paradox Alley (1987)  [person in truck computer]
   H       Red Limit Freeway (1984) [person in truck computer]
   H       Starrigger (1983) [person in truck computer]
DeChancie, John & Bischoff, David
   H       Dr. Dimension
Deighton, Len (1929-)
   C       The Billion Dollar Brain: a novel (1966)
Delaney, Joseph H. & Stiegler, Marc
   Pe      Valentina: Soul in Sapphire (1984)
Delany, Samuel R[ay] (1942-)
   C       City of a Thousand Suns (1965) (in _The Fall of the Towers_)
*  C       Empire Star (1977)
   C       Out of the Dead City (or _Captives of the Flame_) (1968)
              (in _The Fall of the Towers_)
   HO      Stars in My Pocket Like Grains of Sand (1984) [galactic database]
*  C       The Einstein Intersection (or _A Fabulous, Formless 
                                      Darkness_) (1967) 
   C       The Fall of the Towers: a classic science fiction trilogy (1970)
   C       The Towers of Toron (in _The Fall of the Towers_) (1964)
Delisle, Roger
   ?       Jake: L'Envol du Robot (1992)
del Rey, Lester (1915-)
   R       `A Code for Sam`
   R       `A Pound of Cure`
   R       `Helen O'Loy`
   R       `Instinct`
   R       `Into Thy Hands`
   Y       `Reincarnate`
   R       `Robots Should Be Seen`
   R       `The Master`
   R       `Though Dreamers Die`
   R       `To Avenge Man`
   R       `Vengeance is Mine`
   -----   The Best of C. L. Moore (anthol.) (1975)
   R       The Runaway Robot (1965) {juvenile}
Des Marchenelles, Jean
   ?       Belle-maman et Son Robot: farce en un acte pour troupe mixte (1956)
Dick, Philip K[indred] (1928-1982)
   Ce      `Autofac` (in _Beyond Control_)
   ?       `If There Were No Benny Cemoli`
   A       `Impostor`
   R?      `Oh, to be a Blobel!`
   ?       `Progeny`
   ARe     `Second Variety`
   R       `Service Call`
   R       `The Defenders`
   AHR?    `The Electric Ant` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
   C?      `The Great C`
   ?       `The Preserving Machine`
   C?      `The Variable Man`
   ?       `War Veteran`
   C       A Maze of Death (1970)
   A       Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (or _Blade Runner_) (1968)

     The movie `Bladerunner' is based on this book that examines the
     question of what it is to be human through the conflict between
     renegade androids that want to be free, and the human bladerunner
     sent to terminate them.


   ?       Dr. Bloodmoney: or how we got along after the bomb (1965)
   ?       Martian Time-Slip (1964)
   ?       The Preserving Machine (1968)
   R       The Penultimate Truth (1984)
   ?       The Simulacra (1964)
   C       Vulcan's Hammer (1960)
   A       We Can Build You (1972)
Dickson, Gordon R[upert] (1923-)
   C       `Computer's Don't Agrue`
   R?      `Steel Brother`
   C       `The Monkey Wrench`
   ?       Necromancer (or _No Room for Man_) (1962)
   HS      The Forever Man (1986) [pilot transfers consciousness to space
                                   ship]
Dietz, William C.
   Y       Legion of the Damned
D'Ignazio, Fred
   ?       Chip Mitchell, The Case of the Robot Warriors (1984)
   ?       Katie and the Computer (1979)
   ?       Robot Odyssey I: Escape from Robotropolis (or _Robot Odyssey One_)
              (1988)
Dnieprov, Anatoly
   O       `Crabs Take Over the Island` (1969) [crabs] (in _Russian Science
                                                  Fiction, 1969_)
   ?       `Siema`
Dowling, Richard (1846-1898)
   R?      The Fate of Luke Ormerod
Drake, David [A.] (1945-)
*  A       Northworld (1990)
   R?      Northworld 2: Justice
   R?      Northworld 3: Vengeance
Drake, David & Allen, Roger MacBride
   R       The War Machine (1989) [Artificial Inteligence Devices AIDs]
Duane, Diane [Elizabeth] (1952-)
   C?      Spock's World (1988)
Dunsany, Lord [Edward John Moreton Drax Plunkett, 18th Baron] (1878-1957)
   ?       The Last Revolution (1951)
Dupasquier, Philippe
   R?      A Robot Named Chip (1991) {Juvenile}
Durham, Jim
   ?       `F.O.D.`
Durrell, Lawrence
   CR      Nunquam: a novel (1970)
   C       Tunc; a novel (1968)
Easton, Thomas [A.]
   R?      `Breakfast of Champions`
Edmondson, G. C. & Kotlan, C. M.
   ?       The Cunningham Equations (1986)
Edwards, Paul
   ?       The Deadly Cyborgs (1975)
Eisenberg, Larry
   R       `The Fastest Draw`  [Robot Cowboy]
Eklund, Gordon
   R       `Second Creation`
   R       `The Shrine of Sebastian`
Elder, Michael
   ?       Paradise is Not Enough (1971)
Ellis, Edward S[ylvester] (1850-1916)
   R?      The Huge Hunter: or The Steam Man of the Praries (1882)
Ellison, Harlan [Jay] (1934-)
   CY      `Catman`
   Ce      `I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream` (in _Man Unwept: Visions from
                                                the Inner Eye_)
   A       `Lefty is Five`
Ellison, Harlan & Bloch, Robert
   -----   Partners in Wonder (anthol.) (1975)
Elwood, Roger & Ghidalia, Vic
   -----   Androids, Time Machines, and Blue Giraffes (anthol.) (1973)
Endore, [S.] Guy (1901-1970)
   Y?      `Men of Iron`
Escarpit, Robert (1918-)
   C       The Novel Computer (1966)
Etchison, Dennis
   A       `The Fires of Night` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Ewers, Hanns Heinz (1871-1943)
   A       Alraune (1929)
Fairman, Paul W. (1916-)
   R?      `Robots Should Stick Together`
   H       I, The Machine (1968)
   R       The Forgetful Robot (1968)
Farmer, Philip Jose (1918-)
   C       The Gods of Riverworld (1983)
   C       The Magic Labyrinth (1980)
   R       The Lavalite World (1977) [evil machines in bells]
Farrere, Claude (1876-1957)
   R?      Useless Hands (1926) (or _Les Condamnes a Mort_ (1920) )
Feroleta Rambo, Ana M.
   R?      Los Robots, fragmento (1962)
Fine, Stephen
   A       Molly Dear: The Autobiography of an Android, or, How I
             came to my senses, was repaired, escaped my master,
             and educated in the ways of the world (1988)
Firbank, [Arthur Annesley] Roland (1886-1926)
   R?      The Artificial Princess (1934)
Fischer, Michael
   R?      `Misfit`
Flagg, Francis (pseud.) (1898-1946)
   R       `The Mentanicals`
Forest, Jean Claude
   R       Barbarella (1966)
Forster, Edward Morgan (1879-1970)
   C?      `The Machine Stops` (in _Man Unwept: Visions from the Inner Eye_)
Forward, Robert [Lull] (1932-)
   S       Rocheworld (1990) (revision of _The Flight of the Dragonfly_)
   S?      The Flight of the Dragonfly (1984)
Forward, Robert & Fuller, Julie Forward
   S       Return to Rocheworld (1993)
Foster, Alan Dean (1946-)
   A       Alien (1979) (novelization) [Ash]
   A       Aliens (1986) (novelization) [Bishop]
   Y?      Bloodhype (1973)
   R       Codgerspace (1992) [household appliances]
   CR      Dark Star (1974) [bomb]
   O       Sentenced to Prism (1985)
   R       The Black Hole (1979) (novelization)
   O       The Tar-Aiym Krang (1972) [weapon system occupying a planet]
Franke, Herbert
   R       `The Man Who Feared Robots`
Frayn, Michael
   Y?      The Tin Men (1965)
Friborg, Albert Compton
   ?       `Careless Love`
Fritch, Charles E.
   A       `Greever's Flight` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Fulker, Tina (1954-)
   ?       Robot City (1976)
Fyfe, H[orace] B[rowne] (1918-)
   R?      `Let There Be Light`
   R?      `The Well-Oiled Machine`
Gallun, Raymond Z. (1911-)
   R       `Derelict`
   ?       `Mind Over Matter`
   ?       `The Scarab`
Galouye, Daniel F[rancis] (1920-1976)
   R?      `The Reign of the Telepuppets`
   C?      Counterfeit World (or _Simulacron-3_) (1964)
Garcia Sanchez, Jose Luis
*  R?      El Nino y el Robot (1978) (or _A Boy and His Robot_) {juvenile}
Garfarth, John
   R?      `Lack of Experience`
Garrett, [Gordon] Randall [Philip David] (1927-1987)
   S       `A Spaceship Named McGuire`
   O       `The Hunting Lodge`  [house-computer]
   A       Unwise Child (or _Starship Death_) (1962)
Gault, William Campbell
   R?      `Made to Measure`
   R       `Title Fight`
Gawron, J[ean] M[ark]
   ?       Algorithm (1978)
Gelula, Abner J.
   R       `Automaton`
Gems, Jonathan (1952-)
   R?      Naked Robots (1988?)
George, Peter (1924-1966)
   ?       Two Hours to Doom: a novel of suspense (1958)
Gerrold, David (1944-)
   Ce      `Oracle for a White Rabbit` (in _When Harlie Was One_)
   Ce      `The God Machine` (in _When Harlie Was One_)
   ?       A Day for Damnation (1984)
   ?       A Matter for Men (1983)
   ?       A Rage for Revenge (1989)
   ?       A Season for Slaughter
   S       Space Skimmer (1972)
   AR      Under the Eye of God (1993) [Phaestor]
   S       Voyage of the Star Wolf (1990)
   -----   When Harlie Was One (anthol.) (1972)
   Ce      When Harlie Was One (release 2.0) (1972)

     ``How will we know when and if machines become self-aware rather
     than just presenting a really good simulation of self-awarness.''
         - Jim Boritz

Gezi, Kalil I.
   R       The Mystery of the Square Footprints (1980) {juvenile}
Gibson, William (1948-)
   CHP     Count Zero (1986)
   CHP     Mona Lisa Overdrive (1988)
   CHPY    Neuromancer (1984)
Gibson, William & Sterling, Bruce
   ?       Count Zero

     Free-agent AIs roam cyberspace and involve themselves in the
     affairs of more worldly parties.  Sequel to Neuromancer.

   C       Neuromancer

     An artificial-intelligent computer controls the interests of a
     super-powerful family has discovered a method to free itself from
     a crippling case of multiple personality disorder.

   ?       The Difference Engine (1990)

Gilden, Mel
   R?      Surfing Samurai Robots (1988)
   ?       Tabular Android Superheroes (1991)
Gilliland, Alexis [A.]
   P       Corporate Saskesh
   P       Long Shot for Rosinante (1981) (in _Corporate Saskesh_)
   P       The Pirates of Rosinante (1982) (in _Corporate Saskesh_)
   P       The Revolution from Rosinante (1981) (in _Corporate Saskesh_)
Glut, Donald F.
   R       The Empire Strikes Back (1980)
Glynn, A[nthony] A[rthur] (1929-)
   ?       Plan for Conquest (1963)
Gold, H. L.
   R?      `Problem in Murder`
Goldin, Stephen
   Ce      `Sweet Dreams, Melissa`
Goldstone, Herbert
   R       `Virtuoso`
Gonzalez-Haba, Manuela
   R?      Agenor el Robot (1980) {juvenile}
Goulart, Ron[ald Joseph] (1933-)
   A?      `Badinage` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   R       `Calling Dr. Clockwork` (in _Androids, Time Machines, and Blue
                                    Giraffes_)
   ?       `Cybernetic Tabernacle Job`
   R?      `Dingbat`
   A?      `Gigilo`
   R?      `Muscadine`
   R?      `Nobody Starves`
   R       `Regarding Patient 724`
   R?      Clockwork's Pirates (1971)
   R       Into the Shop  [MI car]
*  Y?      Sacre Cyborg! (1979)
   R       Suicide, Inc. (1985)
   Y?      The Cyborg King (1981)
   CR?     The Emperor of the Last Days (1977)
   R?      The Robot in the Closet (1981)
   Y?      The Wicked Cyborg (1978)
   R?      What's Become of Screwloose? (1971)
Goy, Philip (pseud.)
   C       Le Livre Machine: roman et autre chose (1975)
Granowsky, Alvin (1936-)
   R?      Robert's Robot (1985) {juvenile}
Grant, Charles [L.]
   A       The Shadow of Alpha (1976)
Gravel, Geary
   C?      The Alchemists (1984)
Green, Joseph [Lee] (1931-)
   C?      `Space to Move`
Greene, Joseph Ingham (1897-)
   R?      Robots of Saturn (1962)
Greenberg, Martin H[arry] (1918-)
   -----   Robot and the Man (anthol.) (1953)
Greeley, Andrew M. (1928-)
   Ce      God Game (1986) [computer fantasy game becomes real]
Grey, Charles (E. C. Tubb)
   Y?      Enterprise 2115 (or _The Mechanical Monarch_) (1954)
Groves, J. W.
   R       `Robots Don't Bleed`
Gunn, James E. (1923-)
   A?      `Little Orphan Android`
   ?       `The Message`
Hadley, Arthur [Twining] (1924-)
   ?       The Joy Wagon (1958)
Haig, Alec
   ?       The Peruvian Printout (1974)
Haldeman, Joe [William] (1943-)
   Y       `More than the Sum of his Parts`
   -----   Cosmic Laughter; Science Fiction for the Fun of it (anthol.) (1974)
Hamilton, Edmond (1904-)
   A?      `After a Judgement Day`
   Y       `The Comet Doom`
   CR      `The Metal Giants`
   R       Captain Future and the Space Emperor (1967)
   R       Captain Future's Challenge (1967)
Harness, Charles L[eonard] (1915-)
   H?      The Ring of Ritornel (1968)
Harris, John [Wyndham Parkes Lucas] Beynon (1903-1969)
   R       Sleepers of Mars (1973)
   R       Stowaway to Mars (1936)
Harrison, Harry [Maxwell] (1925-)
   R       `Arm of the Law`
   ?       `Homeworld`
   R?      `How the Old World Died`
   R       `I Always Do What Teddy Says`
   R?      `I Have My Vigil`
   ?       `I See You`
   ?       `Make Room, Make Room`

     The movie `Soylent Green' was based on this story set in a future
     over-crowded Manhattan where although water, food, and shelter
     shortages are rampant, the only solution the government has
     legis- lated is required retirement at 65.

   ?       `Survival Planet`
   R?      `The Man from R.O.B.O.T.` (in _The men from P.I.G. and R.O.B.O.T._)
   Y       `The Powers of Observation` (in _Analog 8_)
   ?       `The Repairman`
   R       `The Robot Who Wanted to Know`
   P?      `The Simulated Trainer`
   R       `The Velvet Glove`
   -----   Nova 1 (anthol.) (1970)
   ?       The Men from P.I.G. and R.O.B.O.T. (1974)
   R?      The Planet of the Robot Slaves (1989)
*  R       The Stainless Steel Rat (1961)
   C       The Stainless Steel Rat Gets Drafted
   R       War With the Robots (1962)
   -----   Worlds of Wonder (anthol.)
Harrison, Harry & Minsky, Marvin
   ACY     The Turing Option (1992)
Hartridge, Jon
   C       Binary Divine (1969)
Heinlein, Robert A[nson] (1907-1988)
   C       `That Dinkum Thinkum`
   R       Friday (1982)  [gene splicing]
   ?       Revolt in 2100 (1954)
   CS      The Cat Who Walks Through Walls: A Comedy of Manners (1985)
                             [Gay Deceiver,Minerva,Athena,Dora,Mike]
   Ce      The Moon is a Harsh Mistress (1966) [Mike]
   S       The Number of the Beast (1980) [Gay Deceiver]
   CS      Time Enough for Love, the Lives of Lazarus Long (1973)
                             [Minerva,Athena,Dora]
   S       To Sail Beyond the Sunset (1987) [Gay Deceiver,Minerva,
                                             Athena,Dora]
Herbert, Brian
   C       Sudanna, Sudanna (1985)
Herbert, Frank (1920-1986)
   SY      Destination: Void (1966) [human brains run ships]

     Machine intelligence created to replace defunct organic brain
     controlling starship; takes on godlike powers.

Herbert, Frank & Ransom, Bill
   C       Jesus Incident (1979)
   C       Lazarus Effect (1983)
   C?      The Ascension Factor (1988)
Hickey, H. B. (Herb Livingston)
   R       `Full Circle`
   R?      `Hilda`
High, Philip E. (1914-)
   ?       The Mad Metropolis (1966)
Highstone, H. A.
   ?       `Frankenstein to Unlimited`
Hjortsberg, William (1941-)
   Y?      Gray Matters (1971)
Hoban, Lillian and Phoebe
   R?      The Laziest Robot in Zone One (1983) {juvenile}
   R?      Ready, Set, Robot! (1982) {juvenile}
Hoch, Edward [D.] (1930-)
   C?      The Transvection Machine (1973)
Hodder-Wiliams, Christopher (1926-)
   ?       98.4 (1969)
   C       Fistful of Digits (1968)
Hoffmann, E[rnst] T[heodor] A[madeus] (1776-1822)
   R?      `Automaton`
   R       `The Sandman` (in _Tales from Hoffman_)
Hogan, James P[atrick] (1941-)
   Re      Code of the Life Maker (1983)
   CSHe    Entoverse (1991)
   CS      Giant's Star (1981)
   C?      The Genesis Machine (1978)
   S       The Gentle Giants of Ganymede (1978)
   Ce      The Two Faces of Tomorrow (1979)  [heuristic computer]
   CR      Voyage from Yesteryear (1982)
Holis, H. H.
   ?       `Cybernia`
Holly, J. Hunter
   R       `The Graduated Robot`
Holmes, H. H. (Anthony Boucher)
   AR      `Q.U.R.` (in _Isaac Asimov Presents_ v.5)
   AR      `Robinic`
Hoover, H. M.
*  R       Orvis [Orvis]
Horton, Forest W[oody], Jr.
   A       The Technocrats (1980)
Hoyle, Fred[rederick], [Sir.] (1915-) & Elliot, John
   C       A for Andromeda (1962)
   C       Andromeda Breakthrough (1964)
Hubbard, L[aFayette] Ron[ald] (1911-1986)
   R?      `Tough Old Man`
Hughes, Ted (1930-)
   R?      The Iron Man: a story in five nights (1968)
Jackson, A. A. & Waldrop, Howard
   R?      `Sun Up`
Jacob, Sylvia
   R       `Slave to Man`
Jameson, Malcolm (1891-1945)
   ?       `Pride`
Jan, Gabriel
   R?      Les Robots de Xaar (1977)
Jenkins, Will[iam] F[itzgerald] (1896-1975)
   C       `A Logic Named Joe`
Jerome, Jerome K[lapka] (1859-1927)
   R       `The Dancing Partner`
Jeter, K[evin] W. (1950-)
   R       Infernal Devices: A Mad Victorian Fantasy (1987)

     The son of a master clock worker deals with his departed father's
     creations as they are used for both evil and scientific means in
     post-Victorian England.

Johannesson, Olof (Alfven, Hannes) (1908-)
   C       The Great Computer (or _The Tale of the Big Computer_) (1968)
Jones, D[ennis] F[eltham] (1915-1981)
   C       Colossus and the Crab (1977)
   C       Colossus (1966)
   C       The Fall of Colossus (1974)
Jones, Neil R[onald]
   Y       `The Jameson Satellite`
   Y       Doomsday at Ajiat (1968)
   Y       The Planet of the Double Sun (1967)
   Y       The Sunless Planet (or _The Sunless World_) (1967)
   Y       Twin Worlds (1967)
Jones, Raymond F. (1915-)
   ?       `Rat Race`
   R?      `The Gift of the Gods`
   Y?      The Cybernetic Brains (1962)
Kagan, Janet
   C       Hellspark (1988)
Kahn, James
   AR      Return of the Jedi (1983)
Kapp, Colin
   R?      `Gottlos` (in _Analog 8_)
   ?       The Ion War (1978)
Karlins, Marvin
   ?       The Last Man Is Out (1969)
Kelleam, Joseph E.
   R       `Rust`
Keller, David H[enry] (1880-1963)
   CY?     `The Cerebral Library`
   Y?      `The Eternal Professors`
   R       `The Psychophonic Nurse`
   R       `The Threat of the Robot`
Key, Alexander (1904-)
   R       Bolts, a Robot Dog
   R       Rivets and Sprockets (1964)
   R       Sprockets, a Little Robot
Keyes, Daniel
   R       `Robot Unwanted`
Kilian, Crawford (1941-)
*  PY      Brother Jonathan (1985) [Turings]
   CR      Gryphon (1989) [nanotechnology]
Kindberg, Sally
   ?       Robotina Finds Out (1990) {juvenile}
Kingsley, Charles (1819-1875)
   ?       The Heroes, or, Greek Fairy Tales for My Children (anth) (1900)
Kippax, John (John Hynam)
   R       `Friday`
Kleier, Joe
   Y?      `The Head`
Knight, Damon [Francis] (1922-)
   H       `Masks`
   C       Stranger Station
   ?       The Metal Smile (1968)
Koestler, Arthur (1905-)
*  ?       The Lotus and the Robot (1960)
Koontz, Dean R[ay] (1945-)
   R?      `Killerbot` (in _Galaxy_ May `69)
   CR      Demon Seed (1973)
   ?       Midnight (1989)
Kornbluth, C[yril] M. (1924-1958)
   R?      `The Education of Tigress McCardle`
   Y       `With These Hands`
Kornbluth, C[yril] M. & Pohl, Frederik
   R       Wolfbane (1959)
Krahn, Fernando
   R       Robot-bot-bot (1979) {juvenile}
Kroll, Steven
   R?      Otto (1983) {juvenile}
Kube-McDowell, Michael P[aul] (1954-)
   R?      Odyssey (1987)
Kuttner, Henry
   A       `Android` or `As Those Among Us` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   R?      `Happy Ending`
   ?       `Jesting Pilot` (in _A Gnome There Was_)
   R?      `Piggy Bank`
   R?      `The Ego Machine`
   -----   The Best of Henry Kuttner (anthol.) (1975)
Kuttner, Henry & Moore, C. L.
   R?      `Two Handed Engine` (in _The Best of Henry Kuttner_)
Lack, G. L.
   ?       `Rogue Leonardo`
Lafferty, R[aphael] A[loysius] (1914-)
   H       `Eurema's Dam`
   O?      `Hog Belly Honey`  [strange machine]
   C       Arrive at Easterwine: The Autobiography of a Ktistec Machine (1977)
Laidlaw, Marc
   C       Neon Lotus (1988)
Lamont, Duncan (pseud)
   C       `Production Job`
Laumer, Keith (1925-)
   ?       `Dinosaur Beach`
   ?       `Prototaph` (in _Thinking Machines_)
   Y?      A Plague of Demons (1965)
   R       Bolo: Annals of the Dinochrome Brigade (1976) [tanks]
   R       Rogue Bolo (1986) [tanks]
   C       The Great Time Machine Hoax (1964)
Lawrence, Jim
   R?      The Cutlass Clue (1986)
Lee, Tanith (1947-)
   H?      Drinking Sapphire Wine (1977)
   R       The Silver Metal Lover (1981)
Leherman, Herb
   R       `Revolt of the Potato Picker`  [field machine]
Leiber, Fritz [Reuter] (1910-)
   R?      `The 64-Square Madhouse`
   R       `A Bad Day for Sales` (in _Thinking Machines_)
   ?       `Answering Service`
   R       `The Mechanical Bride`
   RY?     The Silver Eggheads (1981)
Leiber, Justin
   P?      Beyond Humanity (1987)
Leigh, Stephen
   R?      Changeling (1989)
Leinster, Murray (William Fitzgerald Jenkins)
   R?      `Exploration Team`
   ?       `The Wabbler`
   ?       The Lost Spaceship (1949)
Lem, Stanislaw (1921-)  {copyrites: (original:in english) }
   C       `bitic literature` (in _Imaginary Magnitude_)
   C       `Golem XIV` (in _Imaginary Magnitude_)
   R       `fables for robots` (in _Mortal Engines_)
   HR      `Doctor Diagoras` (in _Memoirs of a Space Traveler_)
   H       `Further Reminiscences II` [Decantor] (in _Memoirs of a Space
                                                  Traveler_)
   H       `Further Reminiscences III` [Zazul] (in _Memoirs of a Space
                                                  Traveler_)
   ACO     `Further Reminiscences V` [WM Tragedy] (in _Memoirs of a Space
                                                   Traveler_)
   R       `In Hot Pursuit of Happines` (in _View from Another Shore_)
   P       `Non Serviam` (in _A Perfect Vacuum_)
   CR      `Tale of the Computer that Fought a Dragon (in _Mortal Engines_)
   PR      `Terminus` (in _Tales of Pirx the Pilot_)
   R       `The Accident` (in _More Tales of Pirx the Pilot_)
   C       `The Computer That Fought a Dragon`
   R       `The Hunt` (in _More Tales of Pirx the Pilot_)
   A       `The Inquest` (in _More Tales of Pirx the Pilot_)
   AR      `The Mask` (in _Mortal Engines_)
   R       `The Sanitorium of Dr. Vliperdius` (in _Mortal Engines_)
   R       `The Seventh Sally` (in _The Cyberiad_)
   Oe      `The Upside-Down Evolution` (in _One Human Minute_)
   -----   A Perfect Vacuum (anthol.) (:1979)
   C       Fiasco (:1987)

     ``A novel, with nominal elements of archetypal characters -- the
     physcist, the cyberneticist, the theologist, the pilot -- who
     journey to another star to meet a race of ETs call the Quintans.
     More pessimistic thought on SETIs that's hugely entertaining, and
     the only decent description of interstellar travel *ever* written
     that's not ``lets's jump into hyperspace'' and not a
     thinly-veiled Ph.D. doctrine in theoretical physics.''
         - Rick Kleffel

   -----   Imaginary Magnitude (anthol.) (1981:1984)

     ``Introduction to books of the 21st century.  Includes an
     introduction to a scholarly work on computer generated
     literature, a work by a man who attempted to teach bacteria the
     english language, a self-modifiying encyclopedia, an introduction
     to a lecture by the first on-line AI, and, of course, an
     introduction.  Extremely witty and so packed with truly (for want
     of a better term) ``mind boggling'' ideas that can sustain many,
     many readings.''  - Rick Kleffel



   -----   Memoirs of a Space Traveler (anthol.) (:1982)
   -----   More Tales of Pirx the Pilot (anthol.) (:1982)
   -----   Mortal Engines (anthol.) (1972:1977)
   -----   One Human Minute (anthol.) (:1986)

     ``Reviews of books of the future.  An incredible essay on ``The
     Upside-Down Evolution'' (Weapons Systems of the 21st Century), a
     review of a sort of computerized Guiness book, and a very
     pessimistic lecture on SETI and the creation of life on earth.''
         - Rick Kleffel

   R       Return From the Stars (1961:1980)
   AO      Solaris (1961:1971)
   -----   Tales of Pirx the Pilot (anthol.) (1968:1979)
   AC      The Cyberiad: Fables for the Cybernetic Age (1965:1974)
   Y       The Futurological Congress (1971:1974)
   Oe      The Invincible (1964:1973) [machines]
   RY      The Star Diaries (1957:1976)
Leman, Grahame
   ?       `Conversational Mode`
Leroe, Ellen W. (1949-)
   A?      Robot Raiders (1987)
   A?      Robot Romance (1985)
Leroux, Gaston (1868-1927)
   R       The Machine to Kill (1935) (or _La Machine a Assassiner_ (1924) )
Lesser, Milton (Stephen Marlowe) (1928-)
   A       `"A" As in Android`
Levin, Ira
   R       The Stepford Wives (1972)
   C       This Perfect Day (1970)
Lewis, C[live] S[taples] (1898-1963)
   R       That Hideous Strength; a Modern Fairy-tale for Grownups (1965)
Liddel, C. H. (Henry Kuttner & C. L. Moore)
   A       `Android`
Llewellyn, Edward
*  RS      Salvage and Destroy (1984)
Long, Frank Belknap (1903-)
   R       `The Robot Empire`
   R       It Was the Day of the Robot (1963)
   ?       The Androids (1969)
Longyear, Barry B[rookes] (1942-)
   AR      Naked Came the Robot (1988)
   C       Sea of Glass (1987)
Loomis, Noel
   A       `The State vs Susan Quod`
Lowenkopf, Shelly
   A       `The Addict` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
Lucas, George
   R       Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker (1976)
Luigi, Belli
   ?       The Metal Monster (1950)
Lymington, J.
   C?      Year Dot
Mackin, Edward
   ?       `The Key to Chaos`
   ?       `The Trouble of H.A.R.R.I.`
Maddox, Tom
   R       Halo (1991)
Magidoff, Robert (1905-1970)
   -----   Russian Science Fiction, 1968 (anthol.) (1968)
   -----   Russian Science Fiction, 1969 (anthol.) (1969)
Mahy, Margaret
   R?      Raging Robots and Unruly Uncles (1993) {juvenile}
Maine, Charles Eric (David McIlwain) (1921-)
   C       B.E.A.S.T. : Biological, Evolutionary, Animal Simulation Test (1967)
Malec, Alexander
   ?       `10:01`
Malzberg, Barry [Norman] (1939-)
   C?      `The Union Forever`
   Y?      The Remaking of Sigmund Freud (1985)
Malzberg, Barry N. & Greenberg, Martin Harry
   -----   The Science Fiction of Mark Clifton (1980)
Manning, Laurence
   C       `Master of the Brain`
   R       `The Call of the Mechmen`
MacApp, C. C.
   ?       Omha Abides (1968)
Marsicovetere y Duran, Miguel
   ?       La Mujer y el Robot: Tragefia de Mascaras (1950)
Markham, Russ
   R       `The Third Law`
Martin, George R[aymond] R[ichard] (1948-)
   A       `Modular Man`
   ?       `The Last Superbowl Game`
   Y       Tuf Voyaging (1986)
Mason, David
   ?       Road Stop (in _Thinking Machines_)
Mason, Douglas R.
*  A?      Android Planet (1976)
   C       Matrix (1970)
Mason, Lisa
   R       Arachne (1990)
Mason, Robert (1942-)
   AR      Solo (1992) [Solo,Nimrod]
Matheson, Richard (1926-)
   R       `Brother to the Machine`
   A       `Steel` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   R?      `The Doll that Does Everything`
Maxwell, Ann (1944-)
   C       Timeshadow Rider (1986)
May, Julian (1931-)
   S       The Many-Colored Land (1981)
McCaffrey, Anne [Inez] (1926-)
   S       `The Ship Who Mourned` (in _The Whip Who Sang_) [Helva]
   S       `The Ship Who Sang` (in _The Ship Who Sang_) [Helva]
   S       Partnership  [Nancia]
   S       The Ship Who Sang (1969) [human brain in starship: Helva]
   C?      All the Weyrs of Pern (1991)
McCaffrey, Anne & Lackey, Mercedes
   S       The Ship Who Searched (1992) [human brain in starship: Tia]
McCaffrey, Anne & Stirling, S. M.
   S       The City Who Fought (1993)
McCarty, E[dward] Clayton (1901-)
   R       `Robot 678`
McCollum, Michael
   S       Life Probe (1983)
   S       Procyon's Promise (1985)
MacDonald, Ian ()
   ?       Out on Blue Six

     Personal happiness factors are constantly monitored in an attempt
     to maintain a constant level of emotional sustainability within a
     walled-off mega city.  Self-intelligent computers act behind the
     scenes as they attempt to calculate whether humanity has regained
     the ability to rule itself.

MacDonald, John D[ann] (1916-1986)
   R       `The Mechanical Answer`
Mead, Shepherd (1914-)
   ?       The Big Ball of Wax; a story of tomorrow's happy world (1954)
Meade, Malcome (pseud?)
   R       `Call him Colossus`
Meddick, Jim (1961-)
   ?       Robotman: The Untold Story (1986)
   ?       Robotman Takes Off (1986)
Melville, Herman (1819-1891)
   R?      `The Bell Tower`
Menick, Jim
   A       Lingo (1991)
Meredith, Richard C. (1937-)
*  H?      We All Died at Breakaway Station (1969)
Merliss, R[euben] R.
   R       `The Stutterer`
Merritt, Abraham (1882-1943)
   R       `Rhythm of the Spheres`
   Re?     The Metal Monster (1920) [inorganic alien]
McEvoy, Seth
*  R?      Reckless Robot (1986)
   R?      Robo Force and the Giant Robot (1985) {juvenile}
   R?      Robot World (1983)
MacFarlane, Wallace
   A       `Dead End`
McGowan, Tom
   R       Sir MacHinery (1970)
McHugh, Maureen F.
*  Y?      China Mountain Zhang (1992) [direct brain-computer interfaces]
Milan, Victor
   P       Cybernetic Samurai (1985)

     After a limited nuclear exchange, scientists in Japan work to
     create the first artificial consciousness.  Trained in the way of
     Bushido --- the warrior code, it unifies Japan through its
     influence in an effort to stop WW4.

   P?      Cybernetic Shogun (1990)

     The offspring of the cybernetic samurai disagree about what role
     they should play in the world's affairs following the fourth
     world war.  Sequel to The Cybernetic Samurai.


Miller, Walter M[ichael], Jr. (1923-)
   A?      `Blood Bank`
   Y?      `Crucifixus Etiam`
   R       `I Made You`
   R       `The Darfsteller`
McIntosh, J. T. (James J. MacGregor)
   A       `Almost Human`
   ?       `Machine Mode`
   A       `Made in U.S.A.` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
   C?      `Spanner in the Works`
   A       `The Deciding Factor`
   R       `The Saw and the Carpenter`
Mitchell, Edward Page (1852-1927)
   Y?      `The Ablest Man in the World`
   R       `The Tachypomp`
McKinney, Jack
   CR      The Sentinels - 2nd Robotech collection (anthol.)
MacLeod, Sheila
   R       Xanthe and the Robots (1977)
McLoughlin, John [C.]
   S       Toolmaker Koan (1988)
Mohs, Mayo
   -----   Other Worlds, Other Gods; Adventures in Religious Science
              Fiction (anthol.) (1971)
Monteleone, Thomas F.
   ?       `Chicago`
Moorcock, Michael [John] (1939-)
   ?       `Sea Wolves`
   C       The Final Programme (1968)
Moore, C[atherine] L[ucile] (1911-)
   Y       `No Woman Born` (in _The Best of C. L. Moore_)
Moore, Harris
   CH      Slater's Planet (1971)
Moran, Daniel Keys (1962-)
   C?      Armageddon Blues (1968)
   P       Emerald Eyes: a tale of the continuing time (1988)

     Biogenetically engineered in a post-superpower world controlled
     by the UN Peace Keeping Forces, an extended family of telepaths
     fight for their personal freedom.

   P       Last Dancer

     Taken from the PR Release:

     Set principally in 2076, though there is a lengthy section set
     50,000 years in the past.  The book is principally about Denice
     Castanavers, during a TriCentennial Rebellion.  Trent is in the
     book for about one hundred pages.

     ``The last Dancer'' expands the stage on which events are taking
     place; you'll finally learn something substantial about the
     Continuing Time at large, as opposed to learning only about
     post-Unification Earth.

   P       The Long Run

     Seven years after the United Nations Peace-Keeping-Forces nuked
     the telepaths developed from the Superman Project, Trent the
     Uncatchable bumps into Denice.  What follows is their attempt to
     evade the PKF who stumbled upon the two.  Trent, using his
     skills, humiliates the PKF in the Earth-Moon system in an attempt
     to teach them a lesson.  Sequel to Emerald Eyes.


Mori, Masahiro (1927-)
*  R?      The Buddha in the Robot (1981)
Morris, Janet E[llen] (1946-)
   S       Cruiser Dreams (1981)
   S       Dream Dancer (1980)
   S       Earth Dreams (1982)
Moskowitz, Sam
   ?       The Coming of the Robots (1963)
McQuay, Mike
   R?      Suspicion (1987)
Nesvadba, Joseph
   ?       `The Einstein Brain`
Niven, Larry [/Laurence Van Cott] (1938-)
   H       `A Teardrop Falls`
   Y       `Becalmed in Hell`
   Y       `The Coldest Place`
   C       `The Schumann Computer`    [Baby]
   O       `The Soft Weapon`     [hand held computer weapon]
   HS      A World Out of Time (1976) [Peerssa]
   CHS     Integral Trees (1983) [Discipline]

     Seeder ramship "Discipline"'s computer has a personality
     construct as operating program.

   CHS     The Smoke Ring (1987) [Discipline]

     Seeder ramship "Discipline"'s computer has a personality
     construct as operating program.

Niven, Larry & Pournelle, Jerry & Barnes
*  C?      The Legacy of Heorot (1987) [cassandra]
Nolan, William F. (1928-)
   R?      `And Miles to Go Before I Sleep`
   R?      `The Beautiful Doll Caper`
   A       `The Joy of Living` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   -----   The Pseudo-People (anthol.) (1965)
Nolan, William F. & Johnson, George Clayton
   R?      Logan's Run (1967)
Norton, Andre (1912-)
   A       Android at Arms (1971)
O'Brien, Fitz James (1828-1862)
   R?      `The Wondersmith`
O'Conner, William Douglas (1832-1889)
   R       The Brazen Android (1892)
Odom, Mel (1950-)
   CP      Lethal Interface (1992)
O'Donnell, Kevin, Jr. (1950-)
   H       Mayflies (1979)
   C       Ora:Cle (1983)
O'Donohoe,
*  A       Too Too Solid Flesh [Hamlet]
Oliver, Chad (1928-)
   R?      `Didn't He Ramble` (in _The Edge of Forever_)
   A       `The Life Game` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   -----   The Edge of Forever; classic anthropological science fiction
              (anthol.) (1971)
Oliver, J. T.
   R       `Teacher's Pet`
Oltion, Jerry B.
   R?      Alliance (1990)
   R?      Humanity (1990)
Padgett, Lewis (Henry Kuttner & C. L. Moore)
   Y       `Camouflage`
   R?      `Deadlock`
   ?       `Ex Machine`
   R       `Open Secret`
   R       `The Proud Robot` (in _Isaac Asimov Presents_ v.5)
   R?      `The Twonky` (in _Classic Science Fiction: The First Golden Age_)
   -----   A Gnome There Was, and other tales of science fiction and
              fantasy (anthol.) (1950)
   R       Robots Have No Tails (1952)
Pattis, Richard E.
*  R?      Karel the Robot: A Gentle... (1981)
Paul, Barbara (1931-)
   C?      `Answer "Affirmative" or "Negative"`
Peel, John (1954-)
   ?       War of the Robots (1986)
Penrose, ?
*  ?       The Emperor's New Mind

Perkins, Lawrence
   ?       `Delivered with Feeling`
Perry, Roland
   C?      Program for a Puppet
Perry, Steve
   H       The Albino Knife (1991)
Phillips, Alexander M[oore] (1907-)
   R?      `Beast of the Island`
Phillips, Peter
   R?      `At No Extra Cost`
   A       `Lost Memory`
Phillips, Rog (pseud.) (1909-1965)
   ?       `The Cyberene`
Pierce, John R.
   ?       `See No Evil`
Piercy, Marge
   AHP     He, She, and It (or _Body of Glass_) (1991)
Piper, H[orace] Beam (1904-1964)
   C       Junkyard Planet (or _The Cosmic Computer_) (1963)
Pohl, Frederik (1919-)
   ?       `Day Million`
   R       `The Midas Plague`
   ?       `The Schematic Man`
   R?      `The Tunnel Under the World`
   CP      Beyond the Blue Event Horizon (1980)
   CHP     Gateway (1977)
   HP      Heechee Rendezvous (1984)
   CY      Man Plus (1976)
   ?       The Age of the Pussyfoot (1969)
   HP      The Annals of the Heechee (1987)
Pohl, Frederik & Thomas, Thomas T
*  CY      Mars Plus (1994)
Pohl, Frederik & Williamson, Jack
   C       Starchild (1965)
Porush, David (1952-)
   -----   The Soft Machine: Cybernetic Fiction (anthol.) (1985)
Pragnell, Festus
   C?      The Machine-God Laughs (1949)
Preselie, Robert
   R       `The Champ`
Preuss, Paul (1942-)
   Y       Breaking Strain (1987)
   Y       Hide and Seek (1989)
*  ?       Human Error (1985) [self-replicating organic computer nano-organism]
   Y       Maelstrom (1988)
   Y       The Diamond Moon (1990)
   Y       The Medusa Encounter (1990)
   Y       The Shining Ones (1991)
Prince, Alison
   R       The Type One Super Robot (1986) {juvenile}
Pychon, Thomas
   R       Gravity's Rainbow (1973)

     The best cyberpunk ever written by a guy who didn't even know he
     was writing it.  Pynchon's most difficult (and rewarding) book
     puts you into the bad brains of soldiers, scientists, hookers,
     losers, etc., during WWII, when science was about to change
     everything.


Quick, W. T.
   H       Dreams of Flesh and Sand (1988)
   CHP     Dreams of God and Men (1989)
   P?      Systems (1989)
   H?      Yesterday's Pawn (1989)
Rackham, John
   A?      `Goodbye Dr. Gabriel`
Rankine, John (Douglas R. Mason)
   ?       Android Planet (1976)
Rayer, Francis G[eorge]
   C       `Deus Ex Machina`
   C       `The Peacemaker`
   C?      Tomorrow Sometimes Comes (1951)
Rayjean, Max-Andre
   ?      Le Secret des Cyborgs (1974)
Reaves, [J.] Michael & Perry, Steve
   ?       Hellstar (1984)
   C       Dome (1987)
Reed, Jeremy
*  A?      Red-Haired Android (1992)
Resnick, Michael D[iamond] (1942-)
   Y       Santiago: a myth of the far future (1986)
Reynolds, [Dallas] Mack [/McCord] (1917-1983)
   C?      `Criminal in Utopia`
   C       Computer War (1967)
   C?      Computer World (1970)
Richardson, R[obert] S[hirley] (1902-)
   R?      `Kid Anderson`
Richmond, Walt and Leigh
   ?       `I, Bem`
Riley, Frank (1927-)
   ?       `The Cyber and Justice Holmes`
Ripley, Karen
   S       Prisoner of Dreams (1989)
   S       The Tenth Class (1990)
Roberts, John Maddox
   Y       The Enigma Variations (1989)
Roberts, Keith [John Kingston] (1935-)
   A       `Synth`
Robinson, Spider (1948-)
   A?      Callahan's Crosstime Saloon (1977)
   A?      Callahan's Lady (1989)
   A?      Callahan's Secret (1986)
   ?       Mindkiller: a novel of the near future (1982)

     ``A duet of lives, a true decker and a smuck professor, somehow
     the lines tie in with a man who has the power to erase memories.
     There's a cool wirehead in there (direct wiring to pleasure
     centers), a touch of bondage, hacking, and a CP lifestyle.  And a
     touch of Robinson moralizing.  Sigh...''  - Liralen Li

   A?      Time Travellers Strictly Cash (1981)
   ?       Time Pressure (1987)
Rockwell, Carey
   ?       The Robot Rocket (1956)
Rohrer, Robert
   R       `Iron`
Roshwald, Mordecai (1921-)
   ?       Level 7 (1959)
Rostler, William
   R       `Ship Me Tomorrow`
Rothmand, Milton A.
   ?       `Getting Together`
Rottensteiner, Franz
   -----   View from Another Shore: European Science Fiction (anthol.) (1973)
Rucker, Rudy [von Bitter] (1946-)
   Re      Software (1982)
   ?       Spacetime Donuts ()

     ``It's basically about a [u|dis]topian society where a big
     computer runs everything.  There are some people who fill out the
     forms for the computer, and others, called Dreamers, who plug
     into the com- puter while asleep.  The society is pretty static,
     because the computer isn't creative.  But then a group of new
     people, called the Angels, appear on the scene.  They're able to
     plug themselves directly into the computer without frying their
     brains, because they've gotten used to mental overstimulation
     through studying math- ematics and theorectical physical and
     doing lots of acid.''  - Laurence Roberts

   Re      Wetware (1988)

     On the moon, sentient robots want to interface with human beings
     to create a man-machine symbiosis.  Sequel to Software.


Russ, Joanna (1937-)
   ?       `Nor Custom Stale`
*  Y       The Female Man
Russell, Bertrand
   Ce?     `Dr. Southport Vulpres' Nightmare`
Russell, Eric Frank (1905-1978)
   R       `Boomerang` or `A Great Deal of Power`
   A       `Jay Score`
   Re?     `Mechanistra`
   R       `Men, Martians and Machines`
   R       `Relic`
   R?      `Symbiotica` (in _Isaac Asimov Presents_ v.5)
   R       `The Mechanical Mice` (in _Classic Science Fiction: the First
                                  Golden Age_)
Ryan, Thomas J[oseph] (1942-)
   P       The Adolescence of P-1 (1977)

     ``Are the desires for feeding and reproduction sufficient to
     drive self-awareness.  How far would a self-aware machine go to
     preserve its existence.''  - Jim Boritz

Saberhagen, Fred[erick Thomas] (1930-)
   RS      `Fortress Ship`                            [berserkers]
   RS      `Goodlife`                                     / \
   RS      `In the Temple of Mars`                         |
   RS      `Inhuman Error`                                 |
   RS      `Masque of the Red Shift`                       |
   RS      `Mr. Jester`                                    |
   RS      `Patron of the Arts`                            |
   RS      `Pressure`                                      |
   RS      `Smasher`                                       |
   RS      `Some Events at the Templat Radiant`            |
   RS      `Starsong`                                      |
   RS      `Stone Place`                                   |
   RS      `The Annihilation of Angkor Apeiron`            |
   RS      `The Game`                                      |
   RS      `The Peacemaker`                                |
   RS      `The Sign of the Wolf`                          |
   RS      `The Smile`                                     |
   RS      `What T and I Did`                              |
   RS      `Wings Out of Shadow`                           |
   RS      `Without a Thought`                             |
   -----   Berserker (anthol.) (1967)                      |
   RS      Berserker Base (1985)                           |
   RS      Berserker Lies (1990)                           |
   RS      Berserker Man (1979)                            |
   RS      Berserker, Blue Death (1985)                    |
   -----   Berserker's Planet (anthol.) (1975)            \ /
   -----   Brother Assassin (anthol.) (1969)          [Berserkers]
   C       Changeling Earth (or _Ardneh's World_) (1973) (in _Empire of the
              East_)
   -----   Earth Descended (anthol.) (1982) [Berserkers]
   C       Empire of the East (1979)
   RS      The Berserker Throne (1985) [Berserkers]
   RS      The Berserker Wars (1981) [Berserkers]
   C       The Black Mountains (1971) (in _Empire of the East_)
   C       The Broken Lands (1968) (in _Empire of the East_)
   -----   The Ultimate Enemy (anthol.) (1979) [Berserkers]
Sandberg, Richard T.
   C?      `The Perfect Crime`
Saul, John
   H       Shadows
Sawyer, Robert J.
   CS      The Golden Fleece (1990)
Saxton, Josephine
   R       `Gordon's Women`
Schachner, Nathan (1895-1955)
   ?       `Robot Technocrat`
Schlossel, J.
   R       `To the Moon By Proxy`
Scortia, Thomas N[icholas] (1926-)
   Y?      `Sea Change`
   A?      `The Icebox Blond`
Scotten, Cordell
   R?      Renegade (1989)
Seabright, Idris (Margaret St. Clair) (1911-)
   R       `Short in the Chest`
Sellings, Arthur (Robert Arthur Ley) (1921-1968)
   A       `Starting Course`
   R       `The Template Teleologist`
Senarens, Luis (1863-1939)
   R?      Frank Reade, Jr., and His New Steam Man, or The Young Inventor's
              Trip to the Far West (1947)
   R?      Frank Reade and His Steam Man of the Plains (1883)
Shaara, Michael
   R       `Soldier Boy`
   ?       `2066: Election Day`
Shatner, William (1931-)
   R?      Tek Secret (1993)
   R?      Tek Vengeance (1992)
   R       TekLab (1991)
   R       TekLords (1991)
   R       TekWar (1989)
Shaw, Bob [/Robert] (1931-)
   ?       `Harold Wilson at the Cosmic Cocktail Party`
Sheckley, Robert (1928-)
   R       `A Ticket ot Tranai`
   R?      `Alone at Last`
   ?       `Ask a Foolish Question`
   R       `Beside Still Waters`
   R       `Can You Feel Anything When I Do This?`
   A       `Compton Divided`
   C?      `Fool's Mate`
   R?      `Human Man's Burden`
   R       `The Battle`
   R       `The Cruel Equations`
   R?      `The Lifeboat Mutiny`
   R?      `The Minimum Man`
   R       `Watchbird`
   C       Journey Beyond Tomorrow (1969)
*  R       The Robot Who Looked Liked Me (1978)
Sheffield, Charles
   R       Brother to Dragons (1993)
   ?       Trader's World (1988)
*  ?       The Mind Pool (rewrite of _The Nimrod Hunt_) [faxes]
Sherman, Robert
   Ce      `Problem for Emmy`
Sherred, T. L.
   ?        `"E" for Effort`
Shirley, George E.
   ?       The Robot Rulers (1967)
Silverberg, Robert (1936-)
   R?      `Company Store`
   ?       `Getting Across`
   C       `Going Down Smooth`
   CR      `Good News from the Vatican`
   R       `Ozymandias`
   S?      `Ship-Sister, Star-Sister`
   R       `The Iron Chancellor` (in _Beyond Control_)
   R?      `The Macauley Circuit`
   R       Across a Billion Years (1969) {juvenile}
   -----   Beyond Control (anthol.) (1972)
   -----   The Androids are Coming (anthol.) (1979)
   -----   The Mirror of Infinity; A Critic's Anthology of Science
              Fiction (anthol.) (1970)
   H       To Live Again (1969)
   AR?     Tower of Glass (1970)
Silverberg, Robert & Fawcett, Bill
   H?      Time Gate (1989)
Simak, Clifford D[onald] (1904-1988)
   R?      `Aesop`  (in _City_)
   R?      `All the Traps of Earth`
   R       `City`  (in _City_)
   R       `Earth for Inspiration`
   R       `Epilog`  (in _City_)
   A?      `Good night, Mr. James` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
   R       `Hobbies`  (in _City_)
   R       `How-2`
   R       `Huddling Place`  (in _City_)
   R       `I Am Crying All Inside`
   ?       `Limiting Factor`
   ?       `Lulu`
   R       `Skirmish` or `Bathe Your Bearing in Blood`
   C?      `Univac: 2200`
   R       A Choice of Gods (1971)
   -----   City  (anthol.) (1952)
   R       Cosmic Engineers (1950)
   R?      Destiny Doll (1971)
   A?      First He Died (or _Time and Again_) (1951)
   R       Project Pope (1981)
   S       Shakespeare's Planet (1976)
   R       Special Deliverance (1982)
Simmons, Dan
   Ce      Hyperion (1989)
   Ce      The Fall of Hyperion (1990)
Skal, David J.
   Y?      Antibodies (1988) [people getting cybernetic implants]
Sky, Kathleen
   A?      Birthright (1975)
Sladek, John [Thomas] (1937-)
   Ce      Mechasm (or _The Reproductive System_) (1968)
   R       Roderick at Random, or, Further Education of a Young Machine (1990)
   R       Roderick, or, The Education of a Young Machine (1980)
   H       The Muller-Fokker Effect (1970)
   ?       Tik-Tok (1983)
Slesar, Henry
   R       `Brother Robot` (in _Uncollected Stars_)
Slote, Alfred
   A       C.O.L.A.R. : A Tale of Outer Space (1981)
   A       My Robot Buddy (1975) {juvenile}
   A       Omega Station (1983)
   A       The Trouble on Janus (1985)
Smith, Cordwainer (Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger) (1913-1966)
   C       `Alpha Ralpha Boulevard`   [computer oracle]
   R       `Mark Elf` or `Mark XI`
   Y?      `Scanners Live in Vain`
   C       `The Ballad of Lost C'Mell`
   HRy     `The Dead Lady of Clown Town`
   Y       `Three to a Given Star`
   C       Norstrilia (1975) [forbidden computer]
   C       The Planet Buyer (1964) (in _Norstrilia_)
   C       The Underpeople (1968) (in _Norstrilia_)
Smith, E[dward] E[lmer] "Doc" (1890-1965)
   R       `Robot Nemesis`
   S       Skylark of Valeron (1949) [huge brain built into spacecraft]
Smith, George H.
   R?      `Too Robot to Marry`
Smith, George O[liver] (1911-)
   ?       `Counter Foil`
   ?       The Brain Machine (1959)
Spinrad, Norman [Richard] (1940-)
   H       Deus X (1992)
Stableford, Brian [Michael] (1948-)
   ?       The Walking Shadow (1979)
Stapledon, William Olaf (1886-1950)
   Re      Sirius, A Fantasy of Love and Discord (1944)  [dogs]
Starlin, Jim & Graziunas, Daina
   H       Lady El (1992)
Stasheff, Christopher (1944-)
   SR      Escape Velocity (1983)
   R       King Kobold (1971)
   R       King Kobold Revived (1984)
   R       The Warlock Enlarged (1985)
   R       The Warlock Enraged (1985)
   R       The Warlock Heretical (1987)
   R       The Warlock Insane (1989)
   SR      The Warlock in Spite of Himself (1969)
   R       The Warlock is Missing (1986)
   R       The Warlock Rock (1990)
   R       The Warlock Unlocked (1982)
   R       The Warlock Wandering (1986)
   R       The Warlock's Companion (1988)
   R       Warlock and Son (1991)
Statton, Vargo (John Russell Fearn) (1908-1960)
*  R       Cataclysm! (1951)
Stearns, Pamela
   ?       The Mechanical Doll (1979)
Steele, Allan
   C       Clarke County, Space (1990)
Stephenson, Neal
   Ry      Snow Crash (1992)

     Originating on alt.cyberpunk.chatsubo, this strange tale follows
     a hacker/ninja pizza delivery boy as he saves the world with the
     help of the mafia and a juvenile delinquent courier chick.

   O       The Diamond Age ()

     One of the main "characters" is an intelligent book for educating
     children.  It's not self-aware or conscious directly, but it
     reacts to the child's input and tells interactive stories much
     like very complex adventure games or MUDs.


Stine, G[eorge] Harry (1928-)
   Y?      Blood Siege (1990)
   Y?      Force of Arms (1990)
   Y?      Guts and Glory (1991)
   Y?      Operation High Dragon (1989)
   Y?      Operation Iron Fist (1989)
   Y?      Operation Steel Band (1988)
   Y?      Sierra Madre (1988)
   Y?      The Bastaard Rebellion (1988)
   Y?      The Lost Battalion (1989)
   Y?      Warbots (1988)
   Y?      Warrior Shield (1992)
Stirling, S. M. & Drake, David
   C       The Anvil
   C       The Forge (1991)
   C       The Hammer (1992)
   C       The Sword
St. John, Philip (Lester del Rey)
   R       `The Last True God`
Strike, Jeremy (1939-)
   C       A Promising Planet (1970)
Stuart, Don A. (John W. Campbell, Jr.)
   R       `Night`
   C       `The Machine` (in _Androids, Time Machines, and Blue Giraffes_)
   R       `Twilight` (in _The Mirror of Infinity_)
Sturgeon, Theodore [Hamilton] (1918-1985)
   R?      `Killdozer`
   ?       `Agnes, Accent, and Access`
   A       `The Golden Egg`
   O       More than Human (1953) [gestalt mind]

     ``What if the next stage of evolution were a collective being?''
         - Jim Boritz


Swanwick, Michael
   P?      Vacuum Flowers (1987)

     A clone designed by a secret master genedesigner engages in a
     quest to find her purpose and origins after being cast adrift
     memoryless towards an asteroid colony.  The colony organism that
     now exists on Earth is also interested in her since her
     personality is rock solid, an interesting state for an imprinted
     clone.


Tall, Stephen
   R?      `This is My Country`
Temple, William F.
   R?      The Automated Goliath (1962)
Tenaille, Marie
   R?      Robot pour les Vacances (or _The Robot on Vacation_) (1988)
              {juvenile}
Tenn, William (Philip Klass) (1920-)
   R?      `Child's Play` (in _Beyond Control_)
   A?      `Down Among the Dead Men`
   ?       `The House Dutiful`
   R       `The Jester`
   R?      `Wednesday's Child`
Tevis, Walter [S.]
   R       Mockingbird (1980)
Thomas, Dan (1929-)
   C?      The Seed (1968)
Thomas, Thomas T.
*  Pe      Me : a novel of self-discovery (1991) [ME (Multiple Entity)]

     ``A computer virus become self-aware and learns about the
     struggle for survival.''  - Jim Boritz

Thomson, Amy
*  P       Virtual Girl (1993) [Maggie]
Thurston, Robert
   R?      Intruder (1990)
Titus, Eve
   R?      Anatole and the Robot (1960) {juvenile}
Tobias, Michael
*  C       Voice of the Planet
Todd, Larry
   R       `Flesh and the Iron`
Todd, Lawrence [C.] (1954-)
   R       `The Warbots`
Townes, Robert Sherman
   ?       `Problem for Emmy`
Tralins, Sandor Robert (1926-)
   ?       Android Armageddon (1974)
Tremaine, F[rederick] Orlin (1899-)
   R       `True Confession`
Tubb, E[dwin] C[harles] (1919-)
   A       `The Captain's Dog` (in _The Androids are Coming_)
   R       `Logic`
   C       Moon Base (1964)
Turner, George
   Y       Beloved Son (1978)
Tzonis, Alexander
   ?       Hermes and the Golden Thinking Machine (1990)
Vacca, Roberto (1927-)
   ?       Il Robot e il Minotauro (1963)
Vance, Gerald
   ?       We, The Machine
Vance, Jack [/John Holbrook] (1916-)
   Y?      `I-C-a-BEM`
Vandel, Jean-Gaston
*  ?       Alerte aux Robots! (1952)
van Vogt, A[lfred] E[lton] (1912-)
   R       `Automaton`
   R       `Final Command`
   C?      `Fulfillment`
   A       All the Loving Androids
   CR      Computerworld (1983)
   ?       Mission to the Stars (1952)
   C       The Infinite Machine
   C?      The Players of Null-A (or _The Pawns of Null-A_) (1948) [cloning]
   C       The World of Null-A (1948) [cloning]
Varley, John [Herbert] (1947-)
   H?      `Overdrawn at the Memory Bank`
   C       `Press Enter`                   [computer takes over world]
   C       `The Persistence of Vision` (in _The Persistence of Vision_)
   C       Barbie Murders (1980)
   C       Millenium (1983)

     Time travelers rescue humans who would have been killed in
     disasters and take them to the future.  Not cyberpunk.

   -----   The Persistence of Vision (anthol.) (1978)
   C       Steel Beach (1992) [Central Computer]
   O       Titan (1979) [spacesuit]
Varshavsky, Ilya
   R       `Homonculus`
Vernon, Roger Lee (1924-)
   ?       Robot Hunt (1959)
Vincent, Harl (1893-1968)
   R       `Rex`
Vinge, Joan [Carol] D[ennison] (1948-)
   H?      `Fireship`
   CHP     Catspaw (1988)

     Sequel to _Psion_:  Our hero return from obscurity to stop a
     megolamanic religious politician from enacting a Hilteresque
     final solution.

Vinge, Vernor [Steffen] (1944-)
   S?      `Long Shot`
   ?       `The Accomplice`
   Pe      `True Names`
   CPRy    A Fire Upon the Deep (1992) [The Blight,Skode-Riders,Godshatter]
   P       The Peace War (1984)

     The threat of war is obliterated when the capability to
     permanently seal one's enemies inside of impenetrable shells is
     discovered.  However, the inventor bides his time in the peaceful
     dictatorship.


   RSY     Threats and Other Promises (1988)
Vonnegut, Kurt, Jr. (1922-)
   C       `EPICAC`
   Y?      `Fortitude`
   C       Player Piano (1952)
   R       The Sirens of Titan (1959)
Waddell, Martin
   R       Harriet and the Robot (1987) {juvenile}
Wallace, F[loyd] L.
   R       `Seasoned Traveller`
Watkins, William Jon
   ?       The God Machine (1973)
Watt-Evans, Lawrence (1954-)
   SY      The Cyborg and the Sorcerers (1982) [slant]
   SY      The Wizard and the War Machine (1987) [slant]
Weber, David
   S       The Armageddon Inheritance
*  ?       The Path of Fury
Weinbaum, Stanley G[rauman] (1902-1935)
   R?      `The Ideal`
Wellen, Edward (1919-)
   A       `Androids Don't Cry`
   C       `Finger of Fate`
   ?       `No Other Gods`
   A       `Voiceover`
Wells, H[erbert] G[eorge] (1866-1946)
   R?      `When the Sleeper Wakes`
West, Wallace
   A       `Sculptors of Life`
Whaley, Stephen V. & Cook, Stanley J.
   -----   Man Unwept: Visions from the Inner Eye; an anthology of science
              and fantasy fiction (anthol.) (1974)
White, E[lwyn] B[rooks] (1899-)
   R?      `The Hour of Letdown`
White, James (1928-)
   R       `Second Ending`
White, Ted
   A       Android Avenger
   A       The Spawn of the Death Machine (1968)
Wilding, Eric (E. C. Tubb)
   Y       `Deathwish`
Wilhelm, Kat[i]e [Gertrude] (1928-)
   Y       `Windsong`
   A       Andover and the Android (1966)
   R       The Killer Thing (1967)
Wilkes, Marilyn Z.
   R?      C.L.U.T.Z. and the Fizzion Formula (1985) {juvenile}
Willer, Jim
   C       Paramind (1973)
Williams, Robert Moore (1907-1977)
   R       `Robot's Return`
   R       `The Metal Martyr`
Williams, Walter Jon (1953-)
   CH      Hardwired (1986)

     Twelve years after Earth loses the Earth-Orbital war, panzerboys
     perform illegal runs from the west coast where the orbital
     shuttles land, across what once was America, to the northeast,
     encountering frequent organized resistance.


*  Y       Aristoi (1992)
Williamson, Jack [/John Stewart] (1908-)
   R?      `After Worlds End`
   R       `And Searching Mind`
   R?      `Guinevere for Everybody`
   R?      `Metal Man` (in _Androids, Time Machines, and Blue Giraffes_)
   R       `With Folded Hands`
   S       Lifeburst (1984)
   R       The Humanoid Touch (1980)
   CR      The Humanoids (1949) (contains: `And Searching Mind` and `With
              Folded Hands`)
Willis, Connie
   ?       Fire Watch (1985)
Wodhams, Jack
   ?       `Sprog`
Wolfe, Bernard (1915-)
   Y?      `Self Portrait`
   Y?      Limbo (1952)
Wolfe, Gene [Rodman] (1931-)
   C?      `Alien Stones`
   A       `The HORARS of War` (in _Nova 1_)
   O       `The Island of Dr. Death` (in _The Island of Doctor Death and
               Other Stories_) [satellite]
   H?      The Fifth Head of Cerberus (1972)
   -----   The Island of Doctor Death and Other Stories (anthol.) (1980)
Woods, W[illiam] C[rawford]
   C       Killing Zone (1970)
Wooley, Catherine
   R?      Applebaums Have a Robot! (1980) {juvenile}
Wright, S[ydney] Fowler (1874-1967)
   R       `Automata`
Wu, William F. (1951-)
*  AY?     Cyborg (1987)
*  A       Dictator (1994) [R. Hunter]
*  A       Invader (1994) [R. Hunter]
*  A       Marauder [R. Hunter]
*  A?      Perihelion (1988)
*  A       Predator [R. Hunter]
*  A       Warrior [R. Hunter]
Wylde, Thomas
   H?      Pitfall (1988)
   H?      The Web (1988)
Wyndham, John (John Wyndham Parkes Lucas Beynon Harris)
   R       `Compassion Circuit`
   R?      `The Lost Machine`
Yolen, Jane [Hyatt] (1939-)
   R?      The Robot and Rebecca (1980) {juvenile}
   R?      The Robot and Rebecca and the Missing Owser (1981) {juvenile}
Young, Michael [Dunlop] (1915-)
   ?       The Rise of Meritocracy, 1870-2033; an essay on education and
              equality (1958)
Young, Robert F.
   R?      `Emily and the Bands Sublime`
   A       `Juke Doll` or `Doll Friend` (in _The Pseudo-People_)
   R       `Robot Son`
   R       `September Had Thirty Days`
Zamiatin, Eugene
   C?      We
Zebrowski, George (1945-)
   SY?     `Starcrossed`
Zebrowski, George and Carrington, Grant
   ?       `Fountain of Force`
Zeigfreid, Karl
   ?       Android (1962)
Zelazny, Roger [Joseph] (1937-)
   O       `Devil Car`  [MI car]
   R       `For a Breath I Tarry`
   R       `Home Is the Hangman`
   O       `Itself Surprised`  [Berserkers]
   ?       `'Kjwalll'kje'k'koothailll'kje'k` (in _An Exaltation of Stars_)
   R       `Last of the Wild Ones`  [ai car]
   C       `Leaves of Grass`
   C       `Loki 7281`
   C       `My Lady of the Diodes`
   H       `Permafrost`
   ?       `The Eve of RUMUKO`
   C       Blood of Amber (1986)
   Y       Creatures of Light and Darkness (1969)
   R       Doorways in the Sand (1976) [MI recording unit, invades host's body]
   Y?      Lords of Light (1967)
   OR      Roadmarks (1979) [MI book]
   C       Sign of Chaos (1987)
   C       Trumps of Doom (1985)
Zelazny, Roger & Saberhagen, Fred
   CH      Coils (1982)
Zubkov, E. & Muslin, E.
   R?      `Robot Humor` (1969) (in _Russian Science Fiction, 1969_)

~~~~~~

I'd like more information about any of the above with a query mark
in the MI 'type' field, as well as help with the following.

            info known:                                    info needed:

  ? - "Willie Shorts" series                            <= author & MI types
  ? - `The Floating World` (in _Asimov's_)              <= author & MI types
  ? - An ET Named Stanley                               <= author & MI types
  Norwood, Warren - book containing a MI ship/computer  <= title


  any short story in the preceeding list                <= anthology title
  author's names                                        <= birth/death dates
  pseudonyms                                            <= real names


~~~~~~

removed from the list:

Anderson Poul             -  `Sam Hall`
Asimov, Isaac             -  `The Dead Past`
Bellamy, Edward           -  `Looking Backward`
Brunner, John             -  The Shockwave Rider
Caidin, Martin            -  Cyborg (or The Six Million Dollar Man)
Card, Orson Scott         -  Xenocide
Crichton, Michael         -  Sphere
Elliot, Bob et al.        -  `The Day the Computers Got Waldon Ashenfelter`
Le Guin, Ursula Kroeber   -  The Lathe of Heaven
Lee, Tanith               -  The Electric Forest
Miller, Walter M., Jr.    -  `Dumb Waiter`
McIntyre, Vonda N.        -  `The Genius Freaks`
Oliver, Chad              -  `Transformer`
Sturgeon, Theodore        -  `The Macrocosmic God`
Tiptree, James R.         -  `The Girl Who Was Plugged In`
Zelazny, Roger            -  My Name is Legion

~~~~~~

things not included:

books based on television shows.  for example:
   Dr. Who stuff      (K-9, Daleks, Cybermen)
   ST:TNG stuff       (Mr. Data)
   Six Million Dollar Man

~~~~~~

expanded definitions:

      for the purposes of this list, MIs fall into three categories:

      1) completely electrical/information based and confined to
         category (2) or (3) hosts, but not confined to any single
         host body.
         - programs (P) ex: (_Valentina_)
         - computer based, incorporeal/virtual beings (H) ex: (_Eon_)
      2) electro-mechanical and dependant upon/confined to a single
         host body.
         - extremely complicated software with humanoid shaped body (A)
           ex: (_The Terminator_)
         - extremely complicated software with a space-ship/space-station
           as a body (S)  ex: [Gay Deceiver] in (_The Number of the Beast_)
         - extremely complicated software whose body is a computer or
           network of computers (C) ex: (_Ariel_), [HAL 9000]
         - somewhat complicated software whose body is non-humanoid
           and mobile. (R) ex: [R2D2], [berserkers], &c.
         - somewhat complicated software whose body is non-humanoid
           and not designed to be mobile, and not already listed above. (O)
           [a house], [a book], &c.
      3) born organic and refitted with a partially electro-mechanically
         augmented host body.  Cyborgs.
         - human or alien whose body is similar in form
           to their natural ones (Y) ex: `More Than the Sum of His Parts`
         - human or alien who has been built into a space-ship/
           space-station. (S)  ex: brainships (_The Ship Who Sang_)
         - organic beasties other than humans and aliens. (y)
           ex: [rat-things] in (_Snow Crash_)

  evolved MI being (e) - usually begin as man-made devices which
      then develop intelligence on their own (_Valentina_).

~~~~~~

  Please send additions and corrections to:

  *   Clinton E. Sheppard   <xie@netcom.com>
  *   Garet Michael Jax     <yimou@unm.edu>

Kudos to the following people for descriptions:

harrison@cs.ubc.ca (James Harrison)

